ACHYRANTHES ASPERA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Achyranthes aspera, commonly known as prickly chaff flower, is a widely distributed herb belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. It is an important medicinal plant in Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and various folk traditions throughout Asia and Africa. The plant is reputed for diverse pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, diuretic, and immunomodulatory activities. These effects are largely attributed to a rich phytochemical profile comprising saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, steroids, and glycosides. This review summarizes the taxonomy, morphology, traditional and therapeutic uses, chemical constituents, extraction processes, pharmacological activities, and medical value of Achyranthes aspera. It also critically examines previous experimental and clinical studies, highlighting gaps in knowledge and future perspectives for drug development and standardized herbal formulations.