Analysis of risk factors for postoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in liver transplant patients

To investigate the high-risk factors for the development of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(DVT) in liver transplant recipients after surgery and to establish a relevant prediction model. This study retrospectively collected information on patients who underwent liver transplantation at a single clinical center from January 2021 to June 2024. The information was then randomly assigned to a training set and a validation set in a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on the training set to identify independent risk factors for the development of DVT, which were then included in the nomogram. Validation was performed in a validation set, area under the curve and calibration curves were used to determine the predictive accuracy and discriminative power of the graphs, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to further substantiate the clinical efficacy of the nomogram. Possibly relevant factors were included in a one-way logistic regression, and after analysing the results: age, history of alcohol consumption, history of diabetes mellitus, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and postoperative D-dimer were the potential risk factors for the development of lower limb DVT after liver transplantation, P < 0.2. The data obtained were further included in a multifactorial review and age, history of diabetes mellitus, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and postoperative D-dimer were independent risk factors for the development of lower extremity DVT after liver transplantation (P < 0.05). This finding suggests that clinicians should focus on high-risk individuals with these factors when dealing with liver transplant patients. By strengthening monitoring and adopting targeted preventive measures to reduce the incidence of lower limb DVT and improve the quality of postoperative rehabilitation and long-term prognosis of patients.