Inverse High‐Entropy Design Enables Superior Energy Storage in Moderate and High Electric Fields

Dielectric capacitors are critical for pulsed power systems, yet their energy storage performance (ESP) requires further enhancement. While high-entropy design improves breakdown strength (E<sub>b</sub>), it often stabilizes a non-polar phase, limiting polarization (P<sub>m</sub>) and restricting high ESP to impractically high electric fields. Here, we propose an inverse high-entropy design strategy to overcome this limitation. Using the quasi-linear high-entropy ceramic Bi<sub>1/6</sub>Na<sub>1/6</sub>Sr<sub>1/6</sub>Ca<sub>1/6</sub>Li<sub>1/6</sub>La<sub>1/6</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BNSCLLT) as a matrix, we incorporated the classical ferroelectric BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BT) to precisely regulate the polar structure. Introducing BT successfully induced a weakly polar tetragonal phase within the primarily cubic matrix, promoting polar nanoregions and optimizing the polarization response. This strategy effectively balances a significant increase in P<sub>m</sub> with a controlled reduction in E<sub>b</sub>. Consequently, the 0.7BNSCLLT-0.3BT and 0.6BNSCLLT-0.4BT compositions achieved superior performance with W<sub>rec</sub> ∼ 10.9 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, η ∼ 88% at 600 kV/cm and W<sub>rec</sub> ∼ 11.6 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, η ∼ 86% at 580 kV/cm, respectively. Notably, the 0.5BNSCLLT-0.5BT composition also attained excellent ESP (W<sub>rec</sub> ∼ 9.8 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, η ∼ 80%) at a moderate field of 475 kV/cm. This work demonstrates the efficacy of the inverse high-entropy design in achieving high-performance energy storage across both high and moderate electric fields, offering a new paradigm for developing advanced dielectric materials.

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Small
Published
2026-02-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202514898
Primary Topic
Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Inverse High‐Entropy Design Enables Superior Energy Storage in Moderate and High Electric Fields

Siyu Zhao, Wenjun Cao, Chunchang Wang
Small
Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
article

Inverse High‐Entropy Design Enables Superior Energy Storage in Moderate and High Electric Fields

Siyu Zhao, Wenjun Cao, Chunchang Wang
article en

Abstract

Dielectric capacitors are critical for pulsed power systems, yet their energy storage performance (ESP) requires further enhancement. While high-entropy design improves breakdown strength (E<sub>b</sub>), it often stabilizes a non-polar phase, limiting polarization (P<sub>m</sub>) and restricting high ESP to impractically high electric fields. Here, we propose an inverse high-entropy design strategy to overcome this limitation. Using the quasi-linear high-entropy ceramic Bi<sub>1/6</sub>Na<sub>1/6</sub>Sr<sub>1/6</sub>Ca<sub>1/6</sub>Li<sub>1/6</sub>La<sub>1/6</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BNSCLLT) as a matrix, we incorporated the classical ferroelectric BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BT) to precisely regulate the polar structure. Introducing BT successfully induced a weakly polar tetragonal phase within the primarily cubic matrix, promoting polar nanoregions and optimizing the polarization response. This strategy effectively balances a significant increase in P<sub>m</sub> with a controlled reduction in E<sub>b</sub>. Consequently, the 0.7BNSCLLT-0.3BT and 0.6BNSCLLT-0.4BT compositions achieved superior performance with W<sub>rec</sub> ∼ 10.9 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, η ∼ 88% at 600 kV/cm and W<sub>rec</sub> ∼ 11.6 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, η ∼ 86% at 580 kV/cm, respectively. Notably, the 0.5BNSCLLT-0.5BT composition also attained excellent ESP (W<sub>rec</sub> ∼ 9.8 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, η ∼ 80%) at a moderate field of 475 kV/cm. This work demonstrates the efficacy of the inverse high-entropy design in achieving high-performance energy storage across both high and moderate electric fields, offering a new paradigm for developing advanced dielectric materials.

Small
Anhui University (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 63%
Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
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Inverse High‐Entropy Design Enables Superior Energy Storage in Moderate and High Electric Fields — Siyu Zhao, Wenjun Cao, et al. · Small (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS