Decrease in intestinal microbiome diversity at birth is related to moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants

The diversity of intestinal microbiota in infants with moderate and severe BPD appears to be relatively lower, and specific microbial species such as Staphylococcus and Bacillales may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of BPD. The intestinal microbiota in infants with BPD interacts with the oxygen environment in the gut, and its early formation is influenced by maternal factors. These findings regarding the diversity and specific flora of gut microbiota could potentially offer insights into the pathogenesis of BPD.