Risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection among Chinese elite athletes during overseas training and competitions: a large-scale cross-sectional survey

Infection risk among national team members abroad clustered by role, assignment type, and behaviors. Elevated risk was linked to intensive training schedules, suboptimal implementation of prevention protocols, and frequent contact with foreign personnel. Multifaceted interventions-source control, rigorous process management, and strict adherence to personal protective measures-should be strengthened to reduce infection risk.