Ampliación del marco TOE para la adopción de gemelos digitales en la gestión de proyectos en América Latina

This study uses an explanatory mixed-methods design to develop and validate a DT–PM (digital twins-project management) maturity framework. To this effect, it combines a cross-sectional survey of 200 professionals working in PM, six in-depth case studies, and, as part of a design science research (DSR) cycle, a representative sample of individuals working in PM. The results extend the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework by incorporating time-based project factors such as stakeholder movement and workflow plasticity. Taken together, these factors account for 71% of the difference in implementation success. The analysis reveals significant sociotechnical contradictions with direct effects on PM practice, namely an authority paradox and a 15% threshold phenomenon for initial project viability, which provides managers with a clear way to assess whether benefits are being realized. The maturity framework validated in this study is an organized diagnostic tool that ensures that DT capabilities are aligned with project lifecycle stages and PM knowledge areas. This study concludes that successful DT adoption in the cases examined entails not only upgrading technology but also addressing sociotechnical alignment. This involves moving from a technology-centered implementation towards adaptive project governance and organizational learning in environments with limited resources.