Research and Optimization of Impact Performance for Hydraulic Impact Hammers

To investigate the factors affecting the impact performance of hydraulic impact hammers, a numerical calculation model and an experimental system were developed in this study. The consistency between the simulation and experimental results confirmed the accuracy of the numerical model. The results indicated that both the reversing valve stroke and the length of the piston middle-front section are positively correlated with impact energy, impact frequency, and impact power. The accumulator precharge pressure also shows a positive correlation with impact energy, but a negative correlation with impact frequency and impact power. Among these factors, the accumulator precharge pressure exhibits the greatest influence on impact energy, accounting for 26.7% of the variance. The piston middle-front section length has the most significant effect on impact frequency and impact power, contributing 52.3% and 50.2%, respectively. Based on these findings, a set of design criteria is proposed to maximize the impact power of hydraulic impact hammers. An optimization example for a specific model demonstrates an 8.26% increase in impact power after optimization. Overall, this study provides a reliable theoretical and experimental foundation for impact performance research and offers practical guidance for the design and optimization of hydraulic impact hammers.