Modifiable Factors Affecting the Postprandial Glycemic Response

The postprandial glycemic response (PPGR) is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease and is highly individualized. The PPGR is affected by both physiological and behavioral factors. Attention to the PPGR has dramatically increased recently with the widespread use of continuous glucose monitors. It is expected that individualized control of PPGRs will be important in the prevention of diabetes and its associated complications. In this article, we discuss six modifiable factors associated with the PPGRs, including (1) the glucoregulatory hormones, (2) gastric emptying, (3) salivary or pancreatic amylase, (4) diet, (5) physical exercise, and (6) sleep and circadian rhythm. Modifying these factors may allow for personalized intervention strategies to control the PPGR-to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease in individuals with varying degrees of glycemia.

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Publication Details

Journal
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Published
2026-02-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968261418614
Primary Topic
Diabetes Management and Research
Type
article
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article

Modifiable Factors Affecting the Postprandial Glycemic Response

Caleb Mayer, Tracey McLaughlin, Heyjun Park, Ashley Y. DuBord et al.
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Diabetes Management and Research
article

Modifiable Factors Affecting the Postprandial Glycemic Response

Caleb Mayer, Tracey McLaughlin, Heyjun Park, Ashley Y. DuBord, Majid Rodgar, Cindy Ho, Yue Wu, Brady D. Hislop, Sayra Gorgani, Dalia Perelman, M Snyder, Alessandra T. Ayers, Curtis McGinity, Agatha F. Scheideman, Mandy M. Shao, Helge Ræder, David C Klonoff, Khoa Hoang, Tao Wang
article en

Abstract

The postprandial glycemic response (PPGR) is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease and is highly individualized. The PPGR is affected by both physiological and behavioral factors. Attention to the PPGR has dramatically increased recently with the widespread use of continuous glucose monitors. It is expected that individualized control of PPGRs will be important in the prevention of diabetes and its associated complications. In this article, we discuss six modifiable factors associated with the PPGRs, including (1) the glucoregulatory hormones, (2) gastric emptying, (3) salivary or pancreatic amylase, (4) diet, (5) physical exercise, and (6) sleep and circadian rhythm. Modifying these factors may allow for personalized intervention strategies to control the PPGR-to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease in individuals with varying degrees of glycemia.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Johns Hopkins University (US), Cardiovascular Institute of the South (US), Haukeland University Hospital (NO), Mills Peninsula Health Services (US), Diabetes Technology Society (US), University of Bergen (NO), Stanford University (US)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 64%
Diabetes Management and Research
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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