Green coffee - supplemented yoghurt modulates lipid profile and liver enzymes in obese rats

Therapeutic effects of yogurt supplemented with different concentrations of green coffee bean extract (GCBE) in comparison with the commercial fat burner C4 RIPPED in rats fed a high-fat diet. Twenty-five male albino rats, weighing 200 ± 10 g, were used in this study. After an acclimatisation period, the rats were randomly divided into 2 main groups. The first group (n = 5) was fed a standard basal diet and served as the negative control group (A). The second group (n = 20) was fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks to induce obesity. Following obesity induction, the obese rats were further divided into 4 subgroups (n = 5 each) and fed experimental diets for an additional 4 weeks as follows: group (B1) served as the positive control and continued on the high-fat diet; group (B2) received the high-fat diet supplemented with C4 RIPPED at a dose of 1.2 mg/g body weight; group (B3) received yogurt supplemented with 1 % green coffee bean extract; and group (B4) received yogurt supplemented with 2 % green coffee bean extract. The selected concentrations of green coffee bean extract (1 % and 2 %) were based on previously published studies reporting their safety and biological efficacy in improving lipid metabolism and metabolic health. All experimental procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals and were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC) of the relevant institution.