Wind variability across in the Tomini Bay

This study aimed to investigate the wind variability and spectral analysis from wind data, specially focusing on Tomini Bay. We accessed data from Copernicus at <ns0:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" ns4:href="https://marine.copernicus.eu/">https://marine.copernicus.eu/</ns0:ext-link>. We collected wind data in 2023 with longitude and latitude in the study area from 119º W to 130º E and 3º N to 2º S. The wind product includes hourly Level-4 sea surface wind and stress fields, with a horizontal spatial resolution of 0.125 degrees. In the Tomini Bay, the factors that are responsible for these one-ofa- kind spatial characteristics are the upwelling and downwelling conditions. Coastal areas exhibit consistent positive or negative anomalies, probably associated with upwelling and downwelling processes. Open-ocean areas have significant patterns of anomalies, indicating large-scale meteorological phenomena such as trade winds or monsoonal influences. The PSD graph focuses on the variations in wind pressure anomalies in Tomini Bay throughout 2023. Persistent oscillations around values close to zero suggest that the anomalies originate from either the long-term average or climate factors. The graph’s peaks and through signify periods of volatility in wind pressure anomalies, either from seasonal variability, atmospheric dynamics, or particular climatic variables affecting regional wind patterns.