Tabayyun as a Mechanism for Verifying Criminal Cases in Islamic Criminal Law: An Analysis of QS al-Hujurat Verse 6

This research aims to identify the implementation of the principle of tabayyun QS al-Hujurat verse 6 in Islamic criminal case examination procedures, determine operational constraints, and design an applicable verification mechanism model. The research method is qualitative normative juridical with systematic literature study on the text of the Qur’an, tafsir, fiqh literature, KUHAP, as well as academic literature from journal articles and related books. The findings show that tabayyun is internalized through verification of news sources, crosschecking witnesses, and the oath of rejection of al-yamin which can guarantee the indictment is only based on valid evidence. This mechanism strengthens the presumption of innocence and substantive justice, and reduces the potential for slander and social stigma. The integration of tabayyun at the investigation, prosecution and trial stages ensures a layered and documented legal process. Practice in the field still faces obstacles, namely the lack of standardized guidelines, variations in application between jurisdictions, and limited forensic documentation. A comparison with KUHAP reveals Islam’s normative strengths in verification ethics, as well as positive law’s technical strengths in documentation and forensics. From the combination of the two systems comes a reconstruction model that includes an initiation stage, double verification, comprehensive documentation, pre-decision meetings, and periodic audits in accordance with maqasid al-sharia, this model offers a comprehensive verification framework that increases the accountability and legitimacy of Islamic criminal justice.