Modern methods of functional diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating continuous improvement of diagnostic methods for early detection and effective treatment. This article examines the evolving landscape of functional cardiac diagnostics, exploring both established and novel methods for assessing cardiovascular health. This review highlights emerging trends, such as the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) [1] into image analysis and the development of novel contrast agents to enhance diagnostic accuracy. It emphasizes the impact of these advancements on personalized medicine [2], enabling the development of individualized treatment strategies based on patient-specific characteristics and disease presentation. Ultimately, the aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of modern methods of functional cardiac diagnostics, illustrating its crucial role in improving the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CVD.