Analysis of the landscape structure and optimality of the capital region of Lithuania

Problems related to landscape structure optimality typically involve challenges in balancing ecological, social, and economic needs while ensuring sustainability. The study utilized diverse scientific methodologies, including comparative analysis, grouping techniques, analytical approaches, statistical data analysis, and graphical representation. Formula calculations assessed natural and cultivated land proportions in Lithuania's Capital Region, evaluating deviation from the optimal ratio and determining optimality class. The study also examined landscape changes from 2004 to 2024. The analysis revealed that during this timeframe, the natural landscape expanded by 3.66 percent, the anthropogenic landscape increased by 12.55 percent, but the anthropogenized landscape decreased by 5.36 percent. When evaluating the composition of the Capital Region landscape, it becomes apparent that in 2024, the predominant portion of the country's terrain was characterized by natural landscape (47.89 percent), while the smallest proportion was attributed to anthropogenic landscape (7.43 percent), with anthropogenized landscape encompassing 44.68 percent of the Capital Region of Lithuania. Additionally, calculations were conducted, determining that the ratio of relatively natural land to cultivated land in the Capital Region, denoted as Rns, equaled 1.99. Upon assessing the relative deviation of the Capital Region of Lithuania from the optimal ratio value (Dr), it was determined to be Dr = 1.22, indicating that the region falls within optimality class A2.