Concept of Sin and Atonement in Traditional Religion of Utagba-Uno, Delta, Nigeria

The concept of sin and atonement is present in both Utagba-Uno traditional religion and the old testament. These concepts arise from distinct social and religious contexts. In Utagba-Uno, sin is viewed as a violation of religious and social laws. Sin offerings are required for some sins to satisfy the justice requirement of the laws. Using historical and sociological methods, the study showed that, in the Old Testament, sin is an inherent guilt addressed through sin offerings as prescribed by God, with atonement serving to restore relationships with God, others, and oneself. The provision of the sin offering relates to a person sinning against any of the commandments (Leviticus 4:2, 13–14, 22, 27). Likewise, in Utagba-Uno traditional religion, atonement is a necessary means to obtain forgiveness from the deities, spirits, and fellow humans through a mediator. Leviticus 4:27–35 and Utagba-Uno traditional religion acknowledge that individuals are sinners by deed, which requires atonement for forgiveness. The prescribed means of reconciliation as outlined by Leviticus 4:27–35 and Utagba-Uno traditional religion differ. The study concludes that atonement is a necessary means to receive forgiveness, and reconciliation with God occurs only through Jesus Christ as a mediator and His atoning work. The study recommends the teaching of the New Testament concept of atonement, and the preservation of Utagba-Uno traditional religious relics to foster interfaith dialogue between Christians and adherents of traditional religions. It also mitigates religious syncretism, enhance cultural tourism, local economic development, and community pride.