Meta-analysis of risk factors for recurrence in cervical cancer patients following fertility-sparing treatment

Age ≤30 years, tumor size ≥2 cm, stage > IA, LVSI positivity, and lymph-node metastasis are robust predictors of recurrence following fertility-sparing treatment in cervical cancer. Incorporating these variables into preoperative counseling, operative strategy, and follow-up planning may enhance oncologic safety while preserving reproductive potential in appropriately selected patients. Our findings are consistent with current guideline recommendations, which generally limit fertility-sparing approaches to tumors ≤2 cm, while tumors exceeding this threshold require cautious consideration and are usually not regarded as appropriate candidates outside of clinical trials or exceptional multidisciplinary contexts.