Equine review

Water treadmill exercise is now widely used in equine rehabilitation and conditioning programmes, particularly for sport horses requiring controlled, non-ridden exercise. The modality is commonly promoted on the basis of reduced limb loading, increased resistance and altered neuromuscular engagement associated with exercise in water. While water treadmill use has become routine in many practices, the evidence base supporting specific clinical claims has historically been limited. Recent publications are beginning to clarify both outcomes and mechanisms.