Governance Framework for Safe and Ethical Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Surgery: A Modified-Delphi Consensus
The consensus-driven framework presented herein provides foundational guidance essential for navigating the complexities of implementing AI-enabled CDSS safely and ethically in surgery. Addressing the considerations outlined across these four core themes can facilitate the responsible adoption of AI, accelerating the transition towards an advanced, data-driven surgical practice while mitigating potential risks.
Authors
- Aladdin H. Hassanein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0966-7851)
- Jesse C. Selber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5483-2780)
- Jonas A. Nelson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-4422)
- Babak J. Mehrara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5717-697X)
- Abbas M. Hassan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1070-0524)
- Jennifer F Waljee
- J Henk Coert
- Mark W Clemens
Institutions
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Corewell Health
- Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of the American College of Surgeons
- Published
- 2026-02-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1097/xcs.0000000000001834
- Primary Topic
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00