Artificial neural network based dynamic dump load control for integrated standalone microgrid

ANN control approach for DC-link stabilization and power flow coordination in a standalone hybrid microgrid formed by a 10 kWp photovoltaic array, a 20 kW wind turbine generator, and a 60 kWh battery storage system operating on a 600 V bus. A controllable dump-load branch is integrated into the design to dissipate surplus energy when the battery reaches its upper state-of-charge limit. The ANN dynamically generates converter duty ratios based on its inputs of DC-link error, its rate of change, and real-time renewable power. Simulation studies conducted in MATLAB demonstrate that the proposed controller maintains DC-link variations within ±2 %, reduces voltage ripple to approximately 3.2 V, and limits current distortion to 2.64 %, while a PI controller exhibits slower recovery, higher overshoot, and post-filter harmonics of about 3.82 %. The results confirm that ANN-based dump-load coordination ensures stable operation, prevents converter stress due to power surplus, and improves the overall utilization of renewable energy in standalone microgrid environments.