Numerical analysis of MHD rotating micropolar nanofluid flow characteristics using Buongiorno model

Abstract This computational study investigates the 3D flow, heat transfer, and mass transport properties of nanofluids, micropolar nanofluids, and Maxwell nanofluids over a stretching sheet in a rotating frame. This analysis employs the Buongiorno model, which incorporates binary chemical processes and Arrhenius activation energy. The governing equations are transformed via similarity variables and solved numerically with MATLAB's bvp4c solver. Validation against published data reveals outstanding consistency in velocity gradients and skin friction coefficients, with relative errors less than 1%. Results indicate that increasing the magnetic field and rotation reduces velocities but increases temperature and nanoparticle concentration. The rmophoresis and Brownian motion elevate temperature while lowering the Nusselt number. The Maxwell nanofluid exhibits the slowest flow, the highest temperature, and concentration profiles, and lower Sherwood and Nusselt numbers compared to the other fluids under study. These results provide light on the unique thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of complex nanofluids and have been confirmed against previous research. Optimizing nanofluid‐based thermal systems with rotation, magnetic fields, and non‐Newtonian effects—such as those used in rotating heat exchangers and microelectronic cooling—requires this knowledge.