HUMAN RIGHTS, GOVERNANCE, AND FOOD SECURITY IN INDIA: A REVIEW OF POLICY INSTRUMENTS

This paper examines the historical foundations, constitutional philosophy, and contemporary significance of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India in the protection and promotion of human rights. Drawing on the reflections made during the 25th anniversary of the NHRC, the study highlights the enduring influence of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s constitutional vision, which introduced robust legal safeguards to protect the rights of marginalized and vulnerable populations. The paper explores how the establishment of the NHRC in 1993 was inspired by these ideals and how, over twenty-five years, the Commission has expanded its mandate beyond legal protection to include the preservation of human dignity and self-respect. Furthermore, the study situates modern human rights discourse within the broader context of ancient Indian Vedic teachings that emphasize happiness, equality, and social harmony. By linking constitutional provisions, institutional practice, and indigenous philosophical traditions, the paper underscores the NHRC’s role as both a guardian of rights and a moral institution fostering inclusive justice. The analysis demonstrates that the NHRC’s evolution reflects India’s ongoing commitment to embedding human rights values within its democratic framework and civilizational heritage.