A Qualitative Analysis of Self-Reported Pleasurable Experiences of Young Adults and Implications for Measures of Anhedonia

Abstract This study qualitatively examined how young adults describe pleasurable experiences within the predefined domains of the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS; non-social hobbies, social interaction, food/drink, and sensory experiences) and in an additional open-ended question. Responses from 300 participants (aged 18–30) were coded to explore domain content, overlaps, and patterns. Across domains, pleasure was most often derived from ordinary, embodied, and relational activities such as socialising, engaging with music or nature, and enjoying food. The sensory domain showed the greatest conceptual overlap with others, suggesting that sensory pleasure represents a cross-cutting experiential quality rather than a distinct category. Comparison with open responses revealed additional themes (e.g., rest, reflection, cognitive rewards) not captured by the DARS. Findings support the ecological validity of the DARS while highlighting potential refinements, particularly regarding sensory and restorative experiences, and underscore the value of combining structured and open-ended approaches to studying anhedonia.