Pre and post introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in children in Eastern Mediterranean Region and effect on antimicrobial resistance, a narrative review

PCVs play a pivotal role in mitigating AMR and reducing pneumococcal disease burden in the EMR. However, suboptimal vaccine coverage, NVT emergence, and persistent AMR highlight the need for comprehensive strategies, including enhanced coverage of higher valency vaccines, robust surveillance, targeted public health interventions, strengthened antibiotic stewardship, and improved regional collaboration. Addressing these issues can significantly reduce the AMR burden and improve health outcomes across the region.