Bell and EPR experiments with signalling data

Abstract The no-signalling principle is a fundamental assumption in Bell-inequality and quantum-steering experiments. Nonetheless, experimental imperfections can lead to apparent violations beyond those expected from finite-sample statistics. Here, we propose extensions of local hidden variable and local hidden state theories that allow for bounded, operationally quantifiable, amounts of signalling. We show how non-classicality tests can be developed for these models, both through exact methods based on the full set of observed statistics and through corrections to the standard Bell and steering inequalities. We demonstrate the applicability of these methods via two scenarios that feature apparent signalling: an IBM quantum processor and post-selected data from inefficient detectors.

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Publication Details

Journal
Quantum Science and Technology
Published
2026-10-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/aeb975
Primary Topic
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Bell and EPR experiments with signalling data

Roope Uola, Jef Pauwels, Armin Tavakoli, Lucas Maquedano et al.
1 links
Quantum Science and Technology
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
article

Bell and EPR experiments with signalling data

Roope Uola, Jef Pauwels, Armin Tavakoli, Lucas Maquedano, Sophie Egelhaaf, Ana Rita Lima de Sousa Costa, Amro Abou-Hachem
article en

Abstract

Abstract The no-signalling principle is a fundamental assumption in Bell-inequality and quantum-steering experiments. Nonetheless, experimental imperfections can lead to apparent violations beyond those expected from finite-sample statistics. Here, we propose extensions of local hidden variable and local hidden state theories that allow for bounded, operationally quantifiable, amounts of signalling. We show how non-classicality tests can be developed for these models, both through exact methods based on the full set of observed statistics and through corrections to the standard Bell and steering inequalities. We demonstrate the applicability of these methods via two scenarios that feature apparent signalling: an IBM quantum processor and post-selected data from inefficient detectors.

Quantum Science and Technology
University of Geneva (CH), Uppsala University (SE), Lund University (SE), Universidade Federal do Paraná (BR)
National Science Foundation, National Centres of Competence in Research SwissMAP, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Vetenskapsrådet, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning, Marcus och Amalia Wallenbergs minnesfond, Wallenberg Center for Quantum Technology, Chalmers University of Technology
Openalex Percentile: Top 90%
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
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Bell and EPR experiments with signalling data — Roope Uola, Jef Pauwels, et al. · Quantum Science and Technology (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS