Sporoplasm: The initial cell in microsporidia life cycle

We review and discuss recent research progress on the sporoplasm, particularly conducting in-depth comparative analyses of the biological characteristics of different microsporidia sporoplasm and gene expression patterns across various developmental stages. On this basis, we propose the main directions and research roadmap for future studies, including structural biology, host-parasite molecular interaction, and genetic engineering feasibility. These studies will contribute to elucidating the molecular mechanisms of microsporidia life cycle and pathogenesis.