Status and Potential of Buffalo Dairy Production in Asia: A Review

The dairy buffalo industry in Asia experiencing contrasting trends, with growth in South Asia yet declining in East and Southeast Asia. Despite global dominance by cattle milk, buffalo milks offer the superior nutritional qualities, including lower cholesterol and higher protein content, making it an alternative for health-conscious consumers. This review highlights the current status of dairy buffaloes in Asia, focusing on their role in supplying essential animal protein and the potential for the growth in dairy sector. The key challenges affecting buffalo milk production include breed variability, health challenges, and environment factors. Thus, to enhance the production, this review proposes several strategies such as targeted breeding initiatives, nutritional improvements, and policy support to enhance market competitiveness. As demand for sustainable livestock products increases, revitalizing the buffalo industry in East and Southeast Asia through innovative farming practices and regional collaboration can ensure food security while promoting climate-resilient agriculture.