Comparative Effect of Organic and Inorganic Soil Amendments on Some Growth and Bioactive Constituents of Dura and Tenera Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Abak, Nigeria.

Efficient nutrient management is crucial for sustainable oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation. This study examined the comparative effect of organic (cow dung, poultry droppings) and inorganic (NPK Mg 12:12:17:2) soil amendments on growth and bioactive constituent of dura and tenera oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings under nursery conditions. A randomized complete block design was used with four treatments: cow dung, poultry droppings, NPK Mg (12:12:17:2), and control (topsoil), replicated four times per variety. Growth parameters (plant height, leaf number, leaf area, butt circumference, and total dry weight) were measured for five months. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to determine bioactive compounds (flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins). Results showed that organic amendments significantly (p < 0.05) improved all growth parameters compared to inorganic and control treatments. Tenera seedlings exhibited superior performance, with highest leaf height(43.70cm). Phytochemical screening revealed higher flavonoid and saponin contents in organically treated seedlings. Poultry droppings produced the most consistent improvements. Organic amendments, particularly poultry droppings, are recommended for sustainable oil palm seedling production and enhanced physiological function.