Research progress on abdominal cocoon syndrome

Abdominal Cocoon Syndrome (ACS) is an uncommon medical condition defined by the encasement of the small intestine within a robust fibrocollagenous membrane, frequently resulting in intestinal obstruction. The clinical presentation of this syndrome is varied, which complicates its diagnosis due to both its atypical symptoms and infrequency. This review offers an extensive summary of the existing knowledge regarding ACS, concentrating on its causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic imaging, pathological features, treatment modalities, and prognostic implications. Recent case studies and research have clarified the correlation between ACS and conditions such as tuberculous peritonitis, underscoring the necessity for differential diagnosis. Enhancements in imaging methodologies have facilitated improved preoperative identification, while surgical treatment continues to be the primary approach, with particular attention given to essential surgical techniques and the management of intraoperative complications. Through a systematic evaluation of contemporary literature, this review aspires to elevate clinical awareness, enable prompt diagnosis, and encourage tailored treatment strategies aimed at enhancing patient outcomes in cases of ACS.