How facilitators use healthcare students’ mistakes to promote reflections and discussions during simulation debriefings

The main findings provide new insights into facilitators' actions when eliciting student reflections and discussions. Many structured debriefing frameworks today include inquiries, positive feedback, and hints and cues. This analysis identified additional communication elements not previously recognized in the debriefing literature, namely suppressions and the use of summaries. Few studies have examined the facilitators' actions during debriefings to elicit student reflection and discussion, particularly through naturalistic observation of real-world practice. Further research is needed to expand our understanding of these interactional dynamics and the situated strategies employed by facilitators.