A study involving the experimental analysis and modeling of a combined photovoltaic cell system with an electrolyzer: Enhancing electrical efficiency and hydrogen yield

Hydrogen has recently been investigated as a promising renewable energy carrier. One of the most widely studied methods is water electrolysis, in which an electric current is applied to water to generate hydrogen gas. A recent study used a steel electrolyzer without a membrane, using potassium hydroxide electrolytes and solar panels for energy. Experimental results indicated that each electrolyzer plate required approximately 2–3 V, highlighting the need to match the number of plates with the operating voltage of the solar panels. The production of hydrogen per square meter of solar panel surface ranged from 1919 to 6919 liters, indicating optimal values for panel size and plate size are important for efficiency and device performance.