Unveiling the Winning Formula: Limb Selection Patterns for High Scoring in Taekwondo

Background: Taekwondo, a global Olympic sport, is known for its powerful kicks, punches, discipline, and respect; now, limb-based performance analysis is vital for improving tactics and scoring. Aim: To identify the most effective limbs for scoring, supporting evidence-based coaching, and improving elite athlete performance. Methods: This study analyzed 320 matches from the 2021–2023 World Taekwondo Championships, covering all genders and weight classes from 99 countries. Two national-level players independently reviewed each match frame-by-frame to record points by limb, resolving discrepancies jointly. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics were used; due to assumption violations, Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc (<img src=image/19943226_01.gif> < .05) was applied, showing high power (1− <img src=image/19943226_02.gif> = 0.99 total, 0.93 male/female) and a medium effect size (<img src=image/19943226_03.gif> = 0.06). Result: Taekwondo athletes score mostly with legs (right 47%, left 43%) and minimally with hands (right 5%, left 4%). Males use legs equally (46%), while females favor the right leg (49%), and hands more (6%). Mean right leg score was 5.79 (<img src=image/19943226_04.gif> 5.69), left hand 0.51 (<img src=image/19943226_04.gif> 1.04). Kruskal-Wallis showed significant limb differences (<img src=image/19943226_01.gif> = .000); Dunn's test confirmed legs scored more than hands (<img src=image/19943226_01.gif> = .000), with no significant difference between the right and left legs or between the right and left hands. Conclusion: Taekwondo players primarily score using their legs, especially kicks, with women relying more on the right leg, highlighting the importance of strong and well-practiced kicking techniques for success.