Study on dynamic characteristics and structural optimization of mining vibrating separator

In response to the coexisting problems of mining vibrating separators, such as strength redundancy, insufficient stiffness, and susceptibility to fatigue wear, an integrated analytical scheme encompassing dynamic characteristics and multi-objective structural optimization was developed. Based on the Lagrange equation, the dynamic model of the vibrating system was established. Subsequently, the multi-rigid body simplified model was constructed using ADAMS to determine the motion law of the centroid. The modal, harmonic response, and fatigue response characteristics of the vibrating separator box body were analyzed via the finite element method, and the simulation model was validated through hammer impact tests. The research findings indicate that the minimum fatigue life of the box body exceeds 10 7 cycles, satisfying the operational requirements. The regions of high deformation are mainly located on the side of the box body, junctions of crossbeams and stiffening plates, while the high-stress areas are found at geometric discontinuities such as the edges of holes and weld seams. The first order natural frequency of the box body is close to the operating frequency, thus presenting a resonance risk. With the thickness of the side plate, the diameter of the circular beam, the height, and the width of the box body defined as design variables, the objectives were set to minimize the peak stress and maximize the first-order natural frequency, subject to the constraint that the structural mass does not increase. Through Latin hypercube sampling, the Kriging model was established to represent the response surface, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed for solution. As a result, two sets of optimal solutions were obtained. The results demonstrate that, without increasing the mass, these two optimization solutions can respectively reduce the peak stress by 13.6 % and 12.9 %, and increase the first-order natural frequency by 19.7 % and 23.2 %. The research can solve the problem of the disconnection between dynamic design and static design, thereby ensuring the vibration coordination and comprehensively improving its mechanical performance, providing theoretical and engineering references for the optimization of mining vibrating separators.