An extensive review of bioactive compounds in bananas (Musa spp.) as well as banana stems and their health benefits

Frequently observed in both fully matured ripe bananas and raw unripe green bananas, along with banana stems, these three parts have garnered substantial interest from nutritionists, biochemists, botanists, industrialists and researchers alike, owing to their rich array of bioactive compounds. Through this extensive review, diligent attempts were made to affirm the establishment that bananas are a good source of natural antioxidants and a substantial reservoir of diverse bioactive molecules. The paper also emphasises the potential pharmaceutical applications of these phytoactive compounds isolated from the members of the Musaceae family, ranging from the treatment of common ailments to the treatment of serious diseases, including cancer. The utility of this plant and its various parts extends far beyond medical and pharmaceutical applications, reaching into diverse non-medical fields such as culinary arts, cosmetics, textiles and biofuel production. From enhancing flavours in the kitchen to providing sustainable materials for fashion and art, this plants’ versatility makes it a valuable resource across multiple industries. Pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical commercial products can effectively employ bananas, including even their peels, as food ingredients. Research on bananas, their stems and their by-products may open up new possibilities as this plant has proven to be a cornerstone in both traditional and innovative practices, demonstrating its profound impact on everyday life.