Enhanced Power Regulation in Multi-Port EV Fast Charging Systems Using FOPID-Based Adaptive Control

The fast adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has basically forced the need for a modern, dependable, and extremely fast charging network. Consequently, this study presents an Adaptive Energy Management Technique (AEMT) with a Fractional-Order PID (FOPID) controller for multi-port fast EV charging stations. The technique actively adjusts power sharing among EVs connected to the same charger, thereby enhancing energy utilization, reducing charging time, and ensuring that users receive an equal share of available resources. Due to its fractional-order nature, the FOPID controller offers greater flexibility and robustness when handling nonlinear operating conditions, grid disturbances, and varying charging demands of EV batteries compared to a standard PID controller. The proposed controller, makes the system capable of handling changes in demand and supply in an efficient way of power sharing among the ports. This provides a smooth CC-CV transition at 80% of SOC. The simulation results reveal that the FOPID controller is more efficient, as it can reduce the maximum load, and it is able to enhance the overall charging experience, as compared to the conventional method. The simulation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink R2023b-Fixed-step discrete solver model.