Chromatographic Profiling of Polyamines and Polyphenolics in <i>Cortinarius trivialis</i> , <i>Mycena pura</i> , and <i>Mycena rosea</i> : Insights Into Their Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activities

The study investigated the biochemical and bioactive profiles of three wild inedible mushrooms— Cortinarius trivialis , Mycena pura , and Mycena rosea —focusing on polyamine (PA) content, polyphenols, proteins, antioxidants, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Among the three PAs measured (putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM)), C. trivialis showed the highest levels of PUT and SPD, distinguishing it metabolically. In contrast, M. pura and M. rosea had lower PA levels but were richer in proteins and phenolics. Notably, M. rosea had the highest protein content (42.46%), while M. pura exhibited the greatest total phenolic and flavonoid content, correlating with its strong antioxidant activity across multiple assays. M. rosea demonstrated selective ABTS radical scavenging and the most potent AChE inhibition (93.24 ± 7.90%), suggesting potential neuroprotective benefits. Phenolic profiling revealed species‐specific compounds: C. trivialis was rich in p ‐hydroxybenzoic and quinic acids, while Mycena species contained protocatechuic acid and trace flavonoids. Principal component analysis underscored distinct biochemical clustering: M. pura with antioxidant‐rich phenolics, M. rosea with neuroprotective SPD content, and C. trivialis with elevated PUT. This is the first report detailing PA composition and AChE inhibition in these mushrooms, highlighting their unique and complementary antioxidant and neuroprotective potential.