Electric Vehicle integration in Economic Load Dispatch with Renewable Energy Sources: A Systematic Literature Review

Integration of Electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy sources (RES) into the power systems makes the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem becomes more complex. This research shows that EVs are evolving into manageable, bidirectional energy nodes equipped to both supplying and consuming power through Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) systems. Under operating conditions, grid stability and EV charging are affected by the uncertainty of wind and solar energy sources. This review discusses efficient grid operation and smooth power dispatch using advanced optimization techniques, such as evolutionary algorithms, hybrid metaheuristic, and artificial neural networks. Key constraints include coordinated EV-RES arrangements, smart charging systems, and multi-objective formulations. Case studies in MATLAB indicate that battery aging, infrastructure limitations, and policy support remain significant challenges. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for collaboration among researchers, industry, and policymakers to develop integrated, flexible ELD models for effective, economical, and ecological energy management