Association between the Gut Microbiota and the Pathophysiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Although accumulating evidence supports a link between gut dysbiosis and IBS, establishing causal relationships remains challenging due to disease heterogeneity and dietary influences. Future large-scale, well-phenotyped, multi-omics studies integrating microbiota, metabolomic, and host factors are required to elucidate underlying mechanisms and to guide personalized therapeutic strategies for IBS.