Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva in a 29-year-old woman: a case report of a rare entity with successful vaginal delivery

Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB) is a relatively rare benign mesenchymal tumor predominantly observed in premenopausal women. We present a case of vulvar AMFB in a 29-year-old woman, with the tumor measuring approximately 6 cm in diameter. Notably, the patient became pregnancy and underwent vaginal delivery during the course of the disease. A 29-year-old Chinese female patient presented with a painless vulvar mass that had been present for six years. Initially, the mass was clinically suspected to be a Bartholin’s cyst. Subsequently, the patient became pregnancy and underwent an uneventful vaginal delivery. Following delivery, Following delivery, she presented to a local hospital for surgical resection of the vulvar mass. Intraoperatively, the mass was identified as solid. The initial diagnosis of Bartholin’s gland cyst was ruled out due to the mass’s unexpected anatomical extension and unclear tissue nature. After further imaging evaluations and a multidisciplinary team (MDT) consultation, the patient ultimately underwent surgical resection of the vulvar mass. Postoperative pathological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of AMFB. Immunohistochemical staining revealed positive staining for vimentin, Desmin, smooth muscle actin (foci +), estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, B-cell lymphoma-2, and cluster of differentiation 34 (vascular +), while S-100 protein was negative. The Ki-67 proliferation index was less than 5%. The patient has been followed up for one year after the surgery, with no evidence of recurrence. AMFB is a relatively rare benign mesenchymal tumor that can occur in women of childbearing age. In this case, the AMFB had minimal impact on both pregnancy and vaginal delivery.