Secretome as a novel regenerative strategy for atopic dermatitis: a comprehensive review

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by disrupted epidermal barrier function, immune dysregulation, and persistent inflammation. Affecting both children and adults, AD significantly impairs quality of life due to its visible symptoms and associated psychosocial and economic burdens. Traditional treatments such as application of topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, moisturizers and antibiotics, while managing symptoms, often fall short of providing long-term solutions and can lead to adverse effects over time. This review explores innovative approaches to AD management, focusing on the therapeutic potential of the secretome. The secretome, a collection of bioactive molecules secreted by cells, has shown promise in promoting tissue regeneration and modulating immune responses. This study investigates how secretome therapy can restore the integrity of keratinocytes, the primary cells responsible for maintaining the skin barrier, which is severely compromised in AD. Using in vitro AD models, the secretome's potential to reduce inflammation and enhance skin barrier function is evaluated. By targeting the underlying mechanisms of AD, secretome-based therapies could offer a novel approach to treatment, providing both regenerative and anti-inflammatory benefits. The findings from this study may pave the way for more effective, non-invasive treatments that address the root causes of AD, potentially reducing the disease's impact and improving patient outcomes.