Nanotechnology in Agriculture Sectors for Sustainable Crop Production and Climate Resilience

ABSTRACT The rapid advancement of technology underscores the urgency of addressing the challenges posed by population growth and the critical need for increased crop production in the near future. With climate change casting a long shadow over agricultural practices, the path forward is becoming increasingly clear. Strategies based on nanotechnology have shown great promise, offering effective solutions that complement and enhance existing approaches to crop production, ensuring sustainability in the face of environmental challenges. The future of agriculture must be reinforced by well‐characterized technological approaches, and nanotechnology stands out as a key solution with immense potential. Plant genetic engineering, the backbone of agriculture, can benefit tremendously from nanoscale innovations, leading to groundbreaking practical outcomes. Nanotechnology is proving its worth by enhancing tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses, delivering target molecules in a controlled manner, improving seed priming, and offering more reliable solutions in pesticide and fertilizer applications. However, the successful implementation of nano‐based strategies comes with its own set of challenges, risks, and gaps that must be continuously addressed to drive further improvements. Recently, concerns about nanotechnology residues and their potential impact on human health and environmental safety have been raised. Therefore, a thorough review of the materials and strategies at play is necessary to strengthen the scientific foundation for nanotechnology's application in agriculture.