Venolymphatic Malformation Presenting as a Low-Flow Vascular Anomaly: A Case Report

Venolymphatic malformations (VLMs) are rare congenital disorders involving the vascular and lymphatic systems. They are characterized by altered endothelial differentiation rather than true neoplastic proliferation, with lesion enlargement occurring in response to hormonal or inflammatory stimuli. We report a case of a 15-year-old male who presented with slow-growing swelling over the right parotid region that worsens with trauma, requiring multidisciplinary care. Clinical examinations and imaging findings on ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were suggestive of VLM, a low-flow venous malformation, and a cystic epidermoid lesion of the right parotid gland. The patient went under image-guided sclerotherapy under interventional radiology guidance. This case highlights the importance of multimodal imaging in establishing the diagnosis of VLM and demonstrates the role of sclerotherapy as an effective minimally invasive treatment option for selected head and neck swellings.