Review of recent advancements in oropharyngeal reconstruction for transoral robotic surgery defects: emerging techniques, functional preservation, and technological innovations

Modern oropharyngeal reconstruction emphasizes patient-specific and function-preserving strategies that necessitate biologic adjuncts and nuanced surgical planning. However, the lack of prospective studies, standardized outcome measures, and comparator groups underscores the need for future research to ensure broader applicability and improved reliability of these approaches.