Optimization of a peristaltic blood pump using PSO-BPNN and NSGA-III: balancing pumping efficiency and hemocompatibility

Peristaltic pumps are promising for wearable dialysis, but optimizing flow and hemocompatibility under roller-tube contact is limited by costly 3D two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI). We propose a surrogate-assisted three-objective workflow that couples 3D two-way FSI, a PSO-BPNN surrogate, NSGA-III search, and entropy-weighted TOPSIS decision-making. Sixty samples were used to train the surrogate for average flow rate <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>f</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>ave</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, time-averaged shear stress <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>ave</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and shear-stress pulsation <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, achieving <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> values of 0.97/0.91/0.94. Compared with the baseline pump, the selected design delivers 208.79 mL/min, reduces <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>ave</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> by 6.30% and 40.76%, lowers the predicted hemolysis index by 6.71%.