Seismic Attribute Analysis for Stratigraphic Trap Identification in the Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

ABSTRACT Stratigraphic traps offer significant potential for expanding hydrocarbon resources in mature basins; however, their subtle nature often poses interpretational challenges. This study applies advanced seismic attribute analysis to identify stratigraphic traps in the Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. A comprehensive 3D seismic dataset and well log data from five wells, calibrated through synthetic seismograms and tied to interpreted horizons, were integrated using RMS amplitude, sweetness, coherence, and spectral decomposition attributes. High-amplitude anomalies and lateral discontinuities observed within the Lower Goru and Sembar formations indicate channel sands and pinchout geometries favourable for hydrocarbon accumulation. A newly interpreted seismic section highlights a proposed fault-seal stratigraphic trap, where reservoir-quality sands terminate against a fault and are sealed by overlying shales. This reinterpretation also explains the failure of a previously drilled well (Jherruck B-1), which was misplaced outside the closure. Attribute-based facies prediction showed strong agreement with low gamma-ray and high resistivity log intervals, confirming the effectiveness of a multi-attribute workflow for predicting clean reservoir sands. These results demonstrate the value of seismic attributes, supported by well calibration, in reducing exploration risks and highlight new stratigraphic opportunities for targeted drilling in this prolific petroleum province.