Biomechanical study on the treatment of tibial defects in total knee arthroplasty using the cement-screw and metal block with extension stem techniques: a finite element analysis

The findings of this study indicate that the cement-screw technique is more cost-effective and convenient for repairing 5-mm defects and is appropriate for reconstruction of this size. However, when the bone defect reaches 10 mm, the cement-screw technique may elevate the risk of fracture, and thus, safety concerns must be taken into account. In contrast, the metal block extension stem technique offers a better balance between effectiveness and safety, making it the preferred option for defects of this size.