A REVIEW ON NANOTECHNOLOGY AS SUPERIOR ALTERNATIVE FOR TARGETED THERAPY IN SKIN CANCER

Skin cancer remains one of the fastest-growing cancers and is often difficult to treat effectively using conventional methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. These treatments commonly damage healthy tissues, show poor drug penetration, cause severe systemic side effects, and frequently fail to deliver drugs deep enough to destroy all cancer cells leading to recurrence. Nanotechnology provides a superior and advanced approach by overcoming these limitations through targeted and controlled drug delivery. Nanoparticles such as liposomes, Ethosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and nanofibers enhance drug stability, improve skin penetration, increase bioavailability, and deliver anticancer agents precisely to tumour cells while minimizing harm to normal tissues. Studies reviewed in this project clearly show that nanoparticle-based therapies achieve higher therapeutic efficiency, better tumour targeting, and fewer side effects compared to traditional treatments. Therefore, nanotechnology offers a more effective, selective, and safer strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer.