Prognostic factors and a preliminary prognostic model in anti-GAD antibody-associated epilepsy
Focal seizures, TLE, and higher seizure frequency were associated with poor prognosis, whereas early diagnosis, timely treatment, and higher peripheral CD8<sup>+</sup>T-cell counts were associated with favorable outcomes. TLE and seizure frequency independently predicted clinical outcomes in anti-GAD antibody-associated epilepsy. The logistic regression model effectively stratified patients, identifying those likely to achieve seizure freedom versus refractoriness.
Authors
- Huiqin Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-2623)
- Hongzhi Guan
- Jie Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5274-8035)
- Siyuan Fan
- Nan Lin
- Yueli Zou
- Yun Cai
- Haitao Ren
- Qiang Lu
- Lin Bai
- Le Zhang
- Xiaochuan Zhang
Institutions
- Hebei Medical University (CN)
- Academy of Medical Sciences (GB)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CN)
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University (CN)
- Nanjing Brain Hospital (CN)
- Zhong Ke San Huan (China) (CN)
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital (CN)
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2026-02-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1738062
- Primary Topic
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital
- National Key Research and Development Program of China