3D‐Printed Serial Snap‐Through Architectures for Programmable Mechanical Response

Snap‐through instabilities enable sharp, reversible transitions and high energy‐storage capacity, making them attractive for mechanical elements with tailored behavior. This work demonstrates the experimental realization of a serial snap‐through system composed of monolithic, 3D‐printed von Mises truss (VMT) units. The study examines how a small number of bistable elements, arranged in series, can function as a compact mechanical member with a controlled multistage response. Each unit is printed in a single operation with self‐releasing hinges ensuring coaxial alignment, and incorporates a sliding support that may be locked or released to tune boundary stiffness and post‐snap behavior. Chains of two to four VMTs display programmable responses with transitions and re‐hardening stages governed by geometry, engagement gaps, and support constraints. A compact inverted‐compliance model rationalizes these observations and extends them to cascades of arbitrary length. Expressing each unit through its nonlinear compliance δ ( F ) allows the model to recover measured behaviors and support analytical design of target sequences of elastic instabilities. The combination of an experimentally accessible serial architecture and a predictive model provides a practical route for achieving tailored responses in applications requiring staged energy absorption, force limitation, or controlled re‐hardening. Serial snap‐through composition offers a fabrication‐friendly strategy for programmable multistage behavior.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Engineering Materials
Published
2026-02-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202502854
Primary Topic
Advanced Materials and Mechanics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

3D‐Printed Serial Snap‐Through Architectures for Programmable Mechanical Response

Filipe Santos
Advanced Engineering Materials
Advanced Materials and Mechanics
article

3D‐Printed Serial Snap‐Through Architectures for Programmable Mechanical Response

Filipe Santos
article en

Abstract

Snap‐through instabilities enable sharp, reversible transitions and high energy‐storage capacity, making them attractive for mechanical elements with tailored behavior. This work demonstrates the experimental realization of a serial snap‐through system composed of monolithic, 3D‐printed von Mises truss (VMT) units. The study examines how a small number of bistable elements, arranged in series, can function as a compact mechanical member with a controlled multistage response. Each unit is printed in a single operation with self‐releasing hinges ensuring coaxial alignment, and incorporates a sliding support that may be locked or released to tune boundary stiffness and post‐snap behavior. Chains of two to four VMTs display programmable responses with transitions and re‐hardening stages governed by geometry, engagement gaps, and support constraints. A compact inverted‐compliance model rationalizes these observations and extends them to cascades of arbitrary length. Expressing each unit through its nonlinear compliance δ ( F ) allows the model to recover measured behaviors and support analytical design of target sequences of elastic instabilities. The combination of an experimentally accessible serial architecture and a predictive model provides a practical route for achieving tailored responses in applications requiring staged energy absorption, force limitation, or controlled re‐hardening. Serial snap‐through composition offers a fabrication‐friendly strategy for programmable multistage behavior.

Advanced Engineering MaterialsVol. 28(6)
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (PT)
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 67%
Advanced Materials and Mechanics
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