An efficient tripartite remote state preparation scheme with noise analysis

Quantum teleportation relies on pre-existing entanglement, local operations and classical communication to transfer an unknown quantum state. Quantum remote state preparation (QRSP) shares the same objective, but the sender already knows the state to be transmitted. This research introduces an innovative tripartite scheme for QRSP, allowing three users to simultaneously send and receive single-qubit states. The scheme is further extended to accommodate the transmission of states with an arbitrary number of qubits among the users. The protocol's functionality is validated through circuit implementation in the Qiskit library, ensuring its practical feasibility. Additionally, its performance is analyzed in a noisy environment, providing insights into its robustness. The efficiency of the proposed protocols is compared with recent schemes, highlighting their advancements in quantum communication. Compared to previous tripartite RSP schemes, the proposed protocol achieves higher efficiency (η = 0.50), modular scalability, and experimental realizability using standard quantum gates. This study contributes to advancements in multi-user quantum communication, secure quantum cryptography, and quantum networking, paving the way for scalable quantum systems.