Voynich Script as Medieval Pharmaceutical Notation: Latin Case Morphology and Recipe Structure in an Encrypted 15th-Century Antidotarium

Building on botanical identifications of 34 plants in the Voynich Manuscript's herbal section (Paper 1), we present evidence that the accompanying Voynichese text encodes pharmaceutical recipes using an abbreviated Latin grammatical system. Analysis of 864 case-marked words reveals a five-case morphological system (-oy nominative, -am accusative, -an genitive, -ay dative, -ae ablative) consistent with medieval Latin. Statistical comparison shows the case distribution matches Latin pharmaceutical texts with high significance (χ² = 41.56, p < 0.003; Monte Carlo probability of chance occurrence: 0.26%). Application route markers (9h = external use, 9k = internal use) predict the expected medical application of identified plants with 94.1% accuracy. Recipe structure analysis confirms verb-initial patterns matching the Antidotarium Nicolai "Recipe" (Rx) convention. Cross-reference with Circa Instans plant nomenclature identifies 12 vocabulary correspondences. Cross-validation with the manuscript's pharmaceutical section (2,389 words) confirms identical patterns, supporting a unified notation system. We propose that Voynichese functions as a specialized pharmaceutical shorthand, combining Latin grammatical inflection with logograms and semantic markers—not a natural language cipher but a notation system analogous to modern pharmaceutical abbreviations.