A REVIEW ON FISSURE IN ANO MODERN AND AYURVEDIC ASPECT

Anal fissure is a common anorectal condition characterized by a tear in the anal mucosa, often leading to pain, bleeding, and discomfort. This article provides a comprehensive review of anal fissure from both modern medical and Ayurvedic perspectives. The modern review covers epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options, including conservative management, pharmacological interventions, and surgical procedures. The Ayurvedic review explores the condition through the lens of traditional Indian medicine, discussing its conceptualization as "Parikartika" or "Gudabhramsa," along with herbal remedies, dietary recommendations, and holistic approaches. A comparative analysis highlights the integration of both systems for optimal patient care. The article concludes with insights into future research directions. This review is based on a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature and classical Ayurvedic texts, emphasizing evidence-based practices.